Analisis Relasional antara Tuturan Tegal dan Bali: Kajian Linguistik Historis Komparatif

Abstract

Despite Indonesia’s vast linguistic landscape, the historical relationships among its regional languages—particularly between closely situated yet understudied varieties such as Tegal and Balinese—remain insufficiently explored. This research aims to examine the genetic relationship between the Tegal language and the Balinese language using a comparative historical linguistics approach. Against the backdrop of linguistic diversity in Indonesia, this study seeks to answer questions regarding phonemic correspondence patterns, lexical similarity levels, and the classification of the two languages' relationship. The research methods employed were a combination of quantitative (lexicostatistics) and qualitative (phonological analysis) approaches, focusing on 100 basic vocabularies collected through online interviews. The results show a genetic relationship with a cognate percentage of 42%, which indicates that these two languages are classified as a single language family. Based on glottochronology calculations, the Tegal and Balinese languages are estimated to have separated from a single proto-language approximately 20 centuries ago. This research contributes to mapping the relationships between regional languages in Indonesia and enriches the knowledge of comparative historical linguistics.